I. Fill in the blanks to complete the following blanks.
1. Grammar chart can make abstract grammatical rules more _____ and in better ________.
2. Alphabet chart is a single page that _______ the entire alphabet. or selected parts of the alphabet.
3. An alphabet chart usually contains a ______ using the letter, an illustration of the keyword and the letter in small and capital letters.
4. Flip charts are useful in teaching situations when you need to teach _______ at a time.
5. ______ are very useful teaching materials when the teacher talks about some knowledge of countries, mountains, oceans, lakes and etc.

II. Match the words in Column A with the statements in Column B.

III. Each question in this section consists of an incomplete statement and four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to complete each statement by choosing the most appropriate one from the given choices.
1. Models are ________ visuals.
A. object B. two dimensional C. three dimensional D. four dimensional
2. Models should be ______ enough for the class to see.
A. bright B. big C. real D. eye-catching
3. Wall pictures are used to explain things that ______.
A. are familiar to students B. exists in a particular country C. are easy to be taken into the classroom D. are expensive
4. ________ can be a tool to introduce and teach letters.
A. Phonetic chart B. Alphabet chart C. Flip chart D. Grammar chart
5. ______ are used to help students organize their ideas.
A. Maps B. Word maps C. Flip chart D. Picture flash cards

VI. Answer the following questions briefly
1. What are the two groups of teaching aids?
2. What is the use of object visuals?
3. What are some of the functions of using visuals in the language classroom?

V. Answer the following questions.
1. In what situations can we use flip charts?
2. What should we pay attention to in designing visuals?

(2)

I. Fill in the blanks to complete the following blanks.
1. Picture flash cards are normally used by the teacher in ______for cueing responses to questions or in more open communicative work for stimulating conversations, story telling etc.
2. ______ are useful to give students practice in word recognition and sentence recognition and building.
3. A ______ usually contains numbers, text and illustration.
4. ______ is a teaching aid that allows learners to construct sentences by choosing parts of a sentence and putting them together to form whole logical sentences.
5. A ______ is a teaching aid that allows learners to substitute letters in a designated position in a syllable.

II. Match the words in Column A with the statements in Column B.

III. Each question in this section consists of an incomplete statement and four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to complete each statement by choosing the most appropriate one from the given choices.

1 ______ allow students to build a word by matching individual syllable to syllables in a word that has already been written.
A. Word building cards B. Sentence building cards C. Flash cards D. Word maps
2 What usually can't be found in a calendar?
A. Proverbs and folktales B. Months and days of the months C. Quotes from famous people D. Speech organs
3 _________ help learners put part of sentences together to form whole sentences.
A. Sentence building grids B. Object visuals C. Picture flash cards D. Grammar charts
4 Authentic printed materials include newspapers, magazines, publicity and_________
A. holiday brochure B. flip charts C. worksheets D. word flash card
5 . In the following choices, does not create formal layout.
A. dense grids B. narrow margins C. single column D. wide margin

IV. Answer the following questions briefly
1.What are the two main features of visuals?
2.What should we pay attention to when using object visuals?
3. What does an alphabet chart usually contain?

V. Answer the following questions.
1. Can you make a clock model with cheap and easily got material? How can you?
2. How can we collect object visuals?
(3)
I. Fill in the blanks to complete the following blanks.
1. Authentic printed materials include anything _________in English: newspapers, magazines, publicity, and technical instructions for equipment, holiday brochures.
2.A syllable wheel usually contains_______ circles of heavy paper.
3. _________can be obtained from refrigerator repairers and hardware shops or stationers.
4. In designing the visual material, the teacher should remember that most people are familiar with _________ and want to read from left to right, top to bottom.
5. A sentence building grid is like a ______ arranged in columns.

II. Match the words in Column A with the statements in Column B.

III. Each question in this section consists of an incomplete statement and four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to complete each statement by choosing the most appropriate one from the given choices.
1. The complexity of the content is an important feature of .
A. word flash cards B. word slide C. syllable wheel D. work sheet and work card
2. The ideal of protecting is to use clear .
A. self-adhesive plastic B. double sided adhesive tape C. paste D. pin
3. Materials that usually do not need testing are .
A. instructional materials B. teachers' guides C. stories D. newspapers
4. A is a collection of large pages which are bound together at the top.
A. alphabet chart B. phonetic chart C. flip chart D. grammar chart
5.Questionnaires often occur in and provide rich source for students' discussion.
A. word flash cards B. authentic printed materials C. sentence building grids D. work sheets

VI Answer the following question briefly.
1. What the use of a word map?
2. What should we pay attention to when preparing models?
3. What are the main features of wall pictures and posters?

V. Answer the following questions.
1. How to make a word building card?
2. How to make a syllable wheel?

Suggested Answers
(1)
I. 1. concrete, orderliness2.lists 3.key word 4. a number of people 5.Maps
II. 1-D 2-E 3-B 4-C 5-A
III. C B B B B
IV.

1.
Teaching aids, traditionally fall into two groups, visuals and modern teaching aids. Visuals include all kinds of models, cards, charts, pictures, diagrams, authentic printed materials and etc. Modern teaching aids refers to those teaching aids that imply modern techniques, such as computers, overhead projectors, language lab and etc.

2.
Models can be widely used in language teaching. English teachers can use real objects, such as stationary, fruits to help explain words like "size", "color", "shape", "quality" etc. and relevant grammatical knowledge. Besides the function of explaining the meaning of new words, object visuals can also be used to help form a certain situation for oral English drills.

3.
The applying of visuals in language classroom can supply students with certain language situation, thus, it makes real language communication. It can enhance students' interest in English learning. At the same time, it can help them acquire some abstract, difficult knowledge. It also can create a more lively, effective language classroom. Furthermore, this process usually impresses students more deeply with the knowledge. They acquire and learn them by heart. Thus, students will be more active in English learning. In short, the application of visuals will make more effective, dynamic and fresh English classroom.

V.
1.
Flip charts are most useful in the following situations: first, when a number of people need to be taught at a time; second, when books are unavailable, scarce, or too expensive for individuals to have their own copy; third, when other media such as overheads and slides are not available, and finally when group learning is most culturally appropriate.

2.
Visual design is an internal aspect of communication. When dong it , firstly, we should pay attention to the layout. The best choice is to apply single column, clear title, wide margin and put illustrations and annotations at one side.
Secondly, try to group information with heading, space, line, different typeface and etc and lead the students read from left to right, from top to bottom.
Thirdly, lettering is also very important We can produce a written text by writing, by typing or by using a stencil. Whatever ways we apply, we have to satisfy the basic needs: clarity, recognition and expression.
Fourthly, we can also use fancy letters, cutout letters, double pen letters to achieve desired effects. Try to make our text more attractive and interesting.
Finally, cutting and sticking also should be done with specific skills and materials.. Good protecting can save us much time and money. At the same time, we should be familiar with the different ways of displaying. It is good for creating an effective language classroom.

(2)

I.1.oral work 2.Sentence building cards 3.calendar 4.Sentence building grid 5. syllable wheel
II. 1-E 2-D 3-C 4-B 5-A
III. A D A A D
IV.
1.
Visuals have two main features: one is that they can be seen and used directly without applying modern techniques; another is that they can be produced with a minimum of time, money or skill. To some degree, they belong to the category of traditional teaching aids.

2.
In using real objects in language teaching, the teacher should remember:
a. If the objects are very expensive or very rare in daily life, then don't use them.
b. If the objects are not familiar to students or they may make students less attentive, then don't use them.
c. If it is very difficult to take certain object into classroom, then don't do it.

3.
An alphabet chart usually contains a keyword using the letter, an illustration of the keyword and the letter in small and capital letters.

V.
1.
When the teacher introduces the way to express time, he can make a clock model by himself by applying some easy-got material.
Firstly, he can draw on a hard paperboard a circle by a semi-diameter of 15-20 cm and cut it out with scissors. Then write down 12 figures on it so as to it looks like the surface of a clock.
Secondly, he can collect plastic sticks such as the sticks of some ice cream or cut paper sticks with hard board and pin two sticks down on the board as the foot of a clock. Thus, a simple-structured clock comes into being.

2.
The teacher can find object visuals anywhere in or outside the classroom. Certain names of persons like teacher, student, boy, girl, young pioneer, league member; some objects in the classroom like desk, chair, blackboard, door, window, ceiling, wall, floor cleaning tools etc. and some stationary like bag, pencil, box, pen, knife, ruler, rubber, etc., all of them are very ideal visuals.

The teacher can also take some objects used in daily life into the classroom, such as clothes, fruits, food, newspapers and other household objects as telephone, cup, bowl, etc. Even he can ask students to collect more from their families, if needed, before class.

Some of them must be prepared before class, such as apples, bananas, oranges, etc. Some can be used directly in the class, such as pencils, books, rulers, rubbers etc.

(3)
I. 1.written and printed 2.two 3.magnetic strip 4.Roman script 5.chart
II. 1-E 2-A 3-B 4-D 5-C
III. D A D C D
IV.
1.
A word map is a diagram used in guided writing to help writers organize their ideas. Related words are written to show their relationship to a central topic or concept. It provides a visual image of a person's ideas, and serves as the basis of a text that a writer creates. A word map can be used for any level of writing, such as guided writing.

2.
In preparing models, the teacher should remember:
a .The models must be big enough so that the whole class can see it.
b. Don't produce models that acquire expensive materials.
c. Make a store place for the hand-made models for the next-time use

3.
The following are the main features of wall pictures and wall posters:
a. Wall pictures and wall posters illustrate scenes, people or objects and are large enough to be seen by all the students.
b. Wall pictures often show a complicated scene and contain many details. It will cause great disadvantage if the students cannot see the necessary details or if the rest of the picture distracts them. On the other hand, it is the very complexity of most wall pictures, which make some activities so useful.
c. The whole class can see the wall picture.
d. It is ready to use and can be used more than once.
e. It can be left on display or being taken down.

V.
1.
To make word-building cards, the teacher needs a large (8" x 8") piece of paper or other material to make word cards and a long strip of paper or other material for each word to make syllable cards. The following is one way to make word-building card:
a) Rule lines on the large card.
b) Print three built words that the students are learning in the top half of each box.
c) Print the same words on the strips, one on each strip.
d) Cut the word strips into individual syllables.

2
To make a syllable wheel, the teacher usually needs cover stock, heavy paper, or lightweight cardboard, and a fastener with two prongs. The teacher can make the wheel in two sizes, a small one for drilling syllables one-on-one and a large one for class drills.

To make a basic syllable wheel, the teacher should:
a. Cut a circle large enough so that there is room in the center for a fastener and room around the edge for the letters you need to print.
b. Cut another circle that has a diameter at least 2 inches larger than the first. Make it large enough so that the portion that shows is wide enough for the letters the teacher needs to print once the small circle is placed on top of the larger circle.
c. Print the first letter or letters of syllables all around the edge of the large circle.
d. Print the end of syllables around the edge of the small circle.
e. Make a hole in the exact center of each of the circles.
f. Place the small circle on top of the large circle.
g. Attach a fastener through the holes of the two circles.

To make a syllable wheel with frame for syllables, the teacher should:
a. Cut a long strip that should be long enough to reach from the center to outside of the larger circle and wide enough to cover any syllable formed by the wheel with a border left over
b. Cut out the inside of the strip, leaving only a sturdy border or frame and enough at one end to make a hole and attach it to the wheel.
c. Make the hole.
d. Attach the fastener through the holes of the circles and the frame.