II. Fill in the blanks so as to complete the following statements.
1. Activities must be designed to combine __ with interest and enjoyment.
2. Tongue twisters are a very effective way to practice students' pronunciation, especially in __ sound.
3. The major dictation game which aims at the practice of listening skill includes __ __ ,__, __, etc.
4. Role-play falls into two types, __ and __.
5. The most appropriate atmosphere for practice is relaxed and __.

III. Match the words in Column A with the definition in Column B.

IV. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. Sometimes, the activity is difficult to control. Then, what should the teacher do so as to prevent the activity from getting out of control?
2. How many types can picture games include?
3. What guidelines should the teacher observe while he is organizing outside class activities?

V. Answer the following questions.
1. While the teacher is applying outside class activities to ELT, what should be taken into consideration?
2. The aim of developing students' reading skill is to train them to be efficient readers. What do you think are the main characteristics of an efficient reader?

Suggested Answers

I. 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.D
II. 1. learning value 2. individual
3. picture dictation, diagram dictation, category dictation, song dictation
4. pairwork, group work 5. purposeful

III. 1.B 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.C

IV. 1. When students are doing the activities, the teacher will have less control over the activities. Therefore, it is quite important for the teacher to do some predictable work, so that the activities can go on more smoothly. Usually, the teacher can do the following things to prevent the activities from getting out of control:
-Give clear instructions about when to start, what to do, and when to stop;
-Give clearly defined tasks that do not continue for too long and change to something else before students become tired of it;
-Give a demonstration when necessary;
-Set up a routine, so that students accept the idea of working in pairs, or in groups, or in mingles, and know exactly what to do.

2. Picture games include several types:
l Comparing and contrasting pictures;
l Considering differences or similarities;
l Considering possible relationships between pictures, such as narrative sequence;
l Describing key features so that someone else may identify them or represent them in a similar way.
l Making a story according to the given picture

3. While organizing different outside class activities, the teacher should observe the following guidelines:
l Much attention should be paid to the close relationship among the three aspects: the nature and features of outside class activities, their designing and their application.
l Outside class activities should be conducted purposefully.
l Full preparations should be made before an activity. To ensure the quality of the activity, the teacher should make full preparations for the activity.
l The teacher should make sure that enough practice is given to students in outside class activities.

V.
1. At the stage of practice, the following things should be taken into consideration:
l The teacher's role in the activity
l The teacher's attitudes towards errors and mistakes in the activity
l Noise problem
l Activity-control problem

2. Before a student become more efficient in reading, he needs a lot of reading practice. With purposeful training, he may own some of the characteristics of an efficient reader, who, generally, will be able to:
l Read with a purpose;
l Read differently according to different purposes;
l Read as quickly as the purpose requires;
l Read by use of specific reading skills;
l Understand individual sentence on the basis of the context;
l Make prediction and inferences based on what he read and may impose their organization on the information he extracts.

Comprehensive test 2 for Unit 13
I. Each question in this section consists of an incomplete statement and four choices marked A, B, C and D. you are to complete each statement by choosing the most appropriate one from the given choices.
1. Activities should be __ for students' psychology, age and level.
A. simple B. complicated C. instructive D. suitable
2. "Silent Speech" can distinguish confusing sounds in a(n)__ way.
A. confusing B. comparative C. audible D. believable
3. It is __ for the teacher to get the students involved in problem-solving.
A. good B. bad C. unsuitable D. useless
4.Demonstration is useful for uncertain students because it __.
A. provides a good model
B. gives chances of practice
C. let other students have a rest
D. add interest to the activities
5.When students have problems and difficulties, the teacher may play a role of __.
A. class-manager B. adviser
C. observer D. monitor or demonstrator

II. Fill in the blanks so as to complete the following statements.
1. Generally speaking, there are two types of outside class activities, __ and__.
2. A game called __ can be of great help in practicing confusing sounds and speaking.
3. At the stage of demonstration, the teacher's role may be __.
4. __ is a major part of assessing students' performance.
5. All the words in a language make up its __.

III. Match the words in Column A with the definition in Column B.

IV. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. What preparations should a teacher make for an outside class activity?
2. How does the practice stage benefit the teacher and the students?
3. How should a teacher organize feedback at the end of the activity?

V. Answer the following questions.
1. The development of listening skill is very important for students in language learning. What is its importance?
2. Your students have just learned the present perfect tense. As a teacher, how can you organize an outside class activity to practice it?

Suggested Answers
I. 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B
II.
1. indoor activity, outdoor activity
2. tongue twister
3. demonstrator
4. Feedback
5. vocabulary

III. 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.E 5.C

IV.
1. Full preparations should be made before an activity. To ensure the quality of the activity, the teacher should make full preparations for the activity.
a. The teacher should find, choose or invent a good activity.
b. The teacher should make sure that the teaching aids and materials are available for the activity.
c. The teacher should work out the procedure of the activity, what the students need to do and how they will be instructed in what to do.
d. The teacher should predict any logic or linguistic problems that may occur in order to be able to deal with them effectively.

2. The practice stage is of great value to both students and teachers: students will much appreciate success and expression in the new language, teachers will welcome the opportunities provided for discovering what remedial or revision work needs to be done in future and, finally, teachers and students alike realize the value of the practice stage as a tool for fluency practice and confidence building.

3. Organizing feedback is a major part of assessing students' performance and is usually done at the end of the activities. There are two types of feedback, content feedback and form feedback.

While organizing content feedback, the teacher can raise the following questions to check how students have done in the activity:
-Who participated?
-Who did not?
-Why not?
- Who was very good?
-Who could have done better?
While organizing form feedback, the teacher can check how well students performed in terms of the language practice from the following aspects:
-pronunciation;
-appropriateness of vocabulary and expressions;
-grammar;
-fluency.

V. 1. The development of listening skill is very important for students in language learning. This is because:
l We cannot develop students' speaking skill unless we also develop their listening skill. One of our main teaching aims is to develop students; communicative ability. To have successful communication, students must first understand what is said to them. Moreover, the ability to understand spoken English may become increasingly important. To develop this ability, students need plenty of practice in listening to English spoken at normal speed.
l Listening to spoken English is an important way of acquiring the language. If students have plenty of "exposure" to the language, they will acquire it more easily. So we need to give students as much opportunity to listen to spoken English as possible.

2. Possible ways:
a. Sentence-making contest;
b. Guessing games;
c. Exchanging notes;
d. Any other suitable ways.

Comprehensive test 3 for Unit 13
I. Each question in this section consists of an incomplete statement and four choices marked A, B, C and D. you are to complete each statement by choosing the most appropriate one from the given choices.
1. Language used in social life like "shopping" generally should be ____.
A. polite B. informal C. cool D. affirmative
2. Which of the following activities can improve co-operation best?
A. role play B. jigsaw games C. guessing games D. speech contest
3. Role play intends to bring ____situations into classroom.
A. real B. artificial C. man-made D. false
4. The most appropriate atmosphere for a good activity is_____.
A. uncertain B. nervous C. informal D. relaxed and purposeful
5. When the activity is out of control, the teacher had better____.
A. stop the activity B. reseat the students
C. act immediately D. either a, b or c

II. Fill in the blanks so as to complete the following statements.
1. Outside class activities should be based on ____.
2. In terms of participants, outside class activities may fall into three types: ____, ____, ____.
3. __ is an assessment of how well the students performed in terms of language practice.
4. __ is an important stage to give students a clear model about what to do in an activity.
5. Keeping diary is an activity mainly aiming at developing students' __ .

III. Match the words in Column A with the definition in Column B.

IV. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. What is the purpose of outside class activities?
2. While the teacher is designing an outside class activity, what should he take into consideration? (list at least four things)
3. How should the teacher train the different reading skills of the students?

V. Answer the following questions.
1. Why is demonstration essentially important? What is its significance?
2. How does the teacher organize a role play activity?

Suggested Answers
I. 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.D
II.
1. teaching material/textbook
2. pair work, group work, mingles
3. form feedback, content feedback
4. Demonstration
5. writing skill

III. 1.A 2.B 3.E 4.C 5.D.

IV.
1. The purpose of conducting outside class activities is to make up the limitations of classroom teaching and help to fulfill the teaching tasks, that is, to consolidate students' basic English knowledge and to improve their abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing (LSRW).
2. While designing an outside class activity for students, the teacher should take the following into consideration: aim(s), suitable way(s), preparation work, potential problems, etc.
3. A teacher should organize different reading activities according to different purposes. If the purpose is to get the specific information, the teacher should ask the students to scan the reading material and reject the majority of what appears on the page because it is irrelevant to their needs. If the purpose is to get the main idea of the text, the teacher should ask the students to skim the material. If the purpose is to understand the whole of the material, the teacher should ask them to reading intensively.

V.
1. When a new activity is introduced, students are usually unsure of what to do. It is wise of the teacher, especially with a class that is unfamiliar with this type of activity, to demonstrate it to the whole class. A short demonstration of the activity between the teacher and a good student, or between two good students in open pairs should provide a clear model for all the other students before they set to work in their closed pairs. The teacher could also demonstrate the activities by cooperating with the whole class. In demonstration, the procedure and language involved in the activity can be made comparatively clear to the students so that they could be prevented from making mistakes. While demonstration often provides a clear model for the whole class, the teacher can ask the whole class to work in closed pairs after that.
2.
l Set up a suitable situation for the students.
l explain the language items that are useful for the activity to the students.
l Allocate the roles.
l Give students a clear aim of the activity.
l Demonstrate the activity so that students are sure what to do.
l Let students do enough practice.